zerophyr

Thanks for your reply! In that case, would having only second year Japanese plus a year in Japan studying the language plus around two and a half years of modern Mandarin make me a seemingly less competitive applicant? Thanks again!

Hello! My apologies if this question sounds a little silly but it's been puzzling me... When a university lists a "Language Requirement" on their website, say the following from Harvard's EALC PHD... ...does that mean that the above language requirements are to be completed by the time you finish your PHD, or are they required for admission itself? Also, what is meant by "literary Chinese" as opposed to "modern Chinese"? Thanks!