OrcaJoc

It really depends. The only situation where I can imagine it would matter would be if 1) you had citizenship there and/or 2) you were up against an identical candidate, only they didn't have that experience, in which case, they could even say hey, we know OrcaJoc will probably be able to adapt better, so go with them OR they could say give someone else a new experience.

I personally don't think it's that extensive? From what it sounds like you moved when you were six. So your education and schooling and likely even thought processes were shaped by American values. Yes you probably have strong cultural and linguistic ties to Korea ,but I am willing to bet there are many areas where you think with your "American" brain as opposed to your "Korean" one (if this makes sense) the Fulbright is about promoting cross cultural understanding between the US and fellow countries, the research/study is merely the medium they chose to accomplish this. Seeing that you have an understanding of both cultures but not a complete understanding of both cultures in my opinion makes you a great candidate for applying. I wouldn't sell yourself short just yet it's all about how you can make an appealing case for promoting the fulbright mission.

From all of the webinars I have been watching they do not want applicants with extensive travel experience within the country they are applying to other countries typically do not matter as much aside from giving you international experience. Also university study abroad programs do not count as extensive travel/experience.
As for the grant, there is a requirement of  2 years of  mandarin at the very least. It is up to you which country to select but I know a lot of people usually cater their research projects as a continuation of something they have done before especially if it was in that country. It may make a stronger case since you would already have established affiliation and contacts in Korea. However China can also be a good option if you can make a case for it.
Your best info would come from the source itself! Here is the link to all of the recorded webinars
http://us.fulbrightonline.org/resources/recorded-webinars
 
 

I'll to the amazing above answer that "extensive" means extensive. I have people panicking because they, over the course of their life, went on three week long vacations to Europe with their family. That isn't extensive. Three years in Russia? That is extensive.

Hey OrcaJoc,
There are some that I am familiar with that offer funding, and the one that I'm currently at (Georgia State) has a professor that has done visual anthropology. Others you may want to look into are Mississippi State and West Florida. Otherwise my advice is to peruse the anth dept pages that has what you want since it is a little more specialized. 

And....in an exciting turn of events, UGA just emailed me that they have an assistantship for me. Welp...once I thought I was out of the game they pull me back in. 

I mean Upenn... just found that Comm Dept. @Cornell is affiliated to College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, which is a SUNY college... getting confused