I'm a lot like you in that I'm married in my 30s. No kids, though. Just not for us. My undergrad is in social studies education with a minor in psychology education. So I'm on year 8 of being a high school AP Psychology teacher. My husband was first to further his education, getting an MBA. After he was done I enrolled in a General Psychology masters program at a small university nearby. It wasn't my first choice, but I could complete it while also teaching and without moving. It made sense for us financially. I wasn't going to be a competitive applicant for PhD programs as it was. So now, I've applied across the country for PhD programs, and my husband is flexible enough to find a job wherever I get accepted... and wherever I get a postdoc after that... and where I can find an job after that... (assuming of course that I get accepted at all- I didn't last year).
It actually works out that I applied at 2 of the schools you did, but I did so based on fit rather than geographic location (though I applied to a different school that did meet that criterion). I think the reality is that it could be difficult to find a program with perfect fit without moving, but not impossible. If you do not make it in this year, your research experience is already pretty good, but I would retake the GRE. The threshold seems to be the 80th percentile for social psychology programs. That would be a smaller thing that could help. Now for whether you should go for the masters, there are many PhD programs that won't transfer credits or will only transfer a certain number of credits toward a PhD at that university. I knew that going in, but knew I had NO chance without the masters. Like EastCoasting said, if what you do requires a PhD, you'll have to go through this again anyway, so a masters may not make sense for you. If a masters is all you need, then your solution may be just that.