This ^
Makes me wonder if you should do this:
Some of the acceptances issues you've mentioned might come down to getting focused. From reading through this board a few times (and granted I'm not going to read all 20 threads over, but bear with me), my hunch is your rejections are not because you aren't a bright and qualified candidate, but because you're still in the exciting stages of learning what you want to do, which isn't a bad thing, it's just PhD programs tends to want people with laser sights on what they already want.
You might find, as I did, that getting your MA/MS before applying to PhD programs will not only strengthen you as an admissible candidate, but also help you determine exactly exactly what you want to do, be that Comm/Anthro/whatever. It's good to have a focus area, but I myself was quite surprised by how specific some places want you to be. Some schools want you to pitch them ideas for research in their interviews! So not just subareas of communication scholarship, but tangible specific problems you see that you want to investigate.
Personally, I am glad I got my MA before I started applying to PhD schools. I was able to sandbox several ideas and interests of mine at a respectable, regional MA-only program at an R2, got tons of one-on-one help from professors, and developed a much sharper sense of what specifically in the communication field I wanted to explore. Now that I'm applying for PhD, I feel I've got enough under my belt that I can 'come in hot" at a R1 level program. Only time will tell, of course!
Just a bit of unsolicited advice from someone who was in your exact same spot two years ago. I hope your search goes well!